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Land Resources / Management / Water

A Guide to Building and Managing Private Fish Ponds in Montana


December 01, 2011
Ponds can be a real asset to a landowner, adding to the beauty and value to property and they can also provide wildlife habitat and support a variety of recreational uses. Many pond owners want fish, whether to raise a few large fish, provide some tasty meals, or have a place to take the grandkids fishing. At the same time, ponds can be expensive to build and maintain. Most require regular maintenance, much like a lawn or garden, to keep the pond healthy and attractive. Improperly managed ponds can be a source of water quality and quantity problems, fish disease, and illegal fish introductions so there are several permit systems in place to try to avoid such problems.

For those considering building a pond, several sources of information are listed in the references at the end of this guide. The purpose of this handbook is to provide the prospective pond builder with an overview of the process of planning, permitting, constructing, and managing a successful private fish pond. We hope the handbook will allow the reader to be informed enough to seek appropriate assistance and ask the right questions. This is not a "do-it-yourself" manual. FWP believes that the risks to both the pond builder and the public fisheries are too great for this task to be undertaken without professional advice. The history of faulty private fish ponds in Montana is still with us and, in this era of renewed popularity, it is imperative that ponds be properly built and managed. A professional fishery biologist should always be consulted. Private fishery consultants are listed in telephone directories, they can be located on the internet, or a list is available at Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks (FWP) headquarters. Since most private ponds are not open to the public, State fisheries biologists generally cannot help with private pond planning.

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